Das Past Perfect

Wie bildet man das Past Perfect?

Das Past Perfect ähnelt in seiner Bildung dem Present Perfect, nur statt des Hilfsverbes "have/has" verwendet man das Hilfsverb "had", egal um welches Personalpronomen es geht. Das Hilfsverb “had” steht immer am Anfang des Satzes, gefolgt vom Partizip Perfekt des Verbs.

I/you/he/she/it/we/you/they + had+ Partizip Perfekt (= 3. Form des Verbes)

Das Partizip Perfekt regelmäßiger Verben

Bei regelmäßigen Verben musst du an das Verb nur ein -ed anhängen (wie im Past Simple).

work - worked
finish - finished
play - played

Das Partizip Perfekt unregelmäßiger Verben

Achte dabei darauf, dass sich bei unregelmäßigen Verben oft der Stamm ändert oder sogar komplett anders geschrieben wird!
Das Partizip Perfekt unregelmäßiger Verben musst man auswendig lernen!

be - been
write - written
know - known

Das Partizip Perfekt unregelmäßiger Verben findest du in der dritten Spalte der Tabelle der unregelmäßigen Verben in deinem Englischbuch oder hier.
Online Übungen: Test 1, Test 2, Test 3, Test 4, Test 5.

Aussagen (Statements) im Past Perfect

I had done  (I'd done)
you had been (you'd been)
he had met (he'd met)
she had read (she'd read)
it had rained (it'd rained)
we had played (we'd played)
you had slept (you'd slept)
they had run (they'd run)

BEACHTE die Past Perfect-Form des Verbes "have" ist ('d had).

I had had (I'd had)
you had had (you'd had)
he had had (he'd had)
she had had (she'd had)
it had had (it'd had)
we had had (we'd had)
you had had (you'd had)
they had had (they'd had)

Anwendung der Past Perfect Zeitform

Um die Past Perfect Zeitform wirklich zu meistern, gibt es einige Tipps, die du beachten solltest. Zunächst einmal ist es wichtig, dass du ein gutes Verständnis für die einfache Vergangenheitsform hast, da dies die Grundlage für das Bilden des Past Perfect bildet.

Auß serdemolltest du darauf achten, dass du die Signalwörter kennst, die auf eine Handlung hinweisen, die vor einer anderen Handlung in der Vergangenheit stattgefunden hat. Dazu gehören Wörter wie "already", "just" oder "never", "before", "after". Wenn du diese Signalwörter erkennst, kannst du sicher sein, dass du das Past Perfect korrekt anwendest.

Das Past Perfect wird verwendet:

• Für die Handlung, die vor der anderen Handlung in der Vergangenheit stattfand

He had had his breakfast before he got dressed.
After he had had his breakfast, he got dressed.
When we arrived, he had already left. (Erst ist er gegangen, dann sind wir angekommen).

• Um auszudrüken, wie lange eine Handlung zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt in der Vergangenheit andauerte

When I met them, they had lived in Italy for many years.
When I met them, they had lived in Italy since  2018.

• In Sätzen in der Vergangenheit, die durch when, as soon as, till, until eingeleitet werden. Für Handlungen mit geringem zeitlichen Abstand voneinander, wird das Past Simple verwendet.

She had watched TV until she fell asleep. Oder
She watched TV until shefell asleep.

• Mit dem Wort "ever"

 It was the best trip they had ever had.

Fragen (Questions) im Past Perfect

"Ja-Nein" Fragen

Had I eaten?
Had you visited?
Had he seen?
Had she been?
Had it slept?
Had we watched?
Had you written?
Had they slept?

"Ja" Kurzantworten

Yes, I had.
Yes, you had.
Yes, he had.
Yes, she had.
Yes, it had.
Yes, we had.
Yes, you had.
Yes, they had.

"Nein" Kurzantworten

No, I hadn't.
No, you hadn't.
No, he hadn't.
No, she hadn't.
No, it hadn't.
No, we hadn't.
No, you hadn't.
No, they hadn't.

W-Fragen - WH Questions

What had I eaten?
What had you read?
Where had he been?
Why had she cried?
Why had it run?
What had we seen?
Where had you slept?
What had they taken?

Verneinungen (Negative Forms) im Past Perfect

Verneinungen im Past Perfect werden mit dem Wort "not" gebildet, das oft zu "n't" abgekürzt wird.

I had not eaten (hadn't eaten)
You had not been (hadn't been)
He had not slept (hadn't slept)
She had not played (hadn't played)
It had not done (hadn't done)
We had not spoken (hadn't spoken)
You had not driven (hadn't driven)
They had not read (hadn't read)