Zählbare und unzählbare Nomen

Die Nomen, die du zählen kannst, sind so-genannte ZÄHLBARE Nomen,
z. B. two pencils, three teddy bears, four desks.
Bei zählbaren Nomen werden die unbestimmten Artikel a-/-an, oder der bestimmte Artikel the verwendet.

Es gibt auch viele Dinge, die du nicht zählen kannst, z. B. "water", "friendship", "love". Du kannst nicht "~~two waters~~" sagen. Diese Nomen sind UNZÄHLBAR. Was du sagen kannst ist:

two glasses of water - zwei Gläser Wasser
two bottles of water- zwei Flaschen Wasser
two cups of water- zwei Tassen Wasser
two drops of water- zwei Tropfen Wasser

Unzählbare Nomen in Englisch werden oft mit dem Wort "some" oder "a+ Mengeangabe +of" verwendet.

I have some information. I have a piece of information.
I have some rice. I have a bag of rice.
I have some tea. I have a cup of tea.
I have some bread. I have a slice of bread.
I have some paper, a have a sheet of paper.

Beispiele von unzählbaren Nomen

Flüssigkeiten (milk, coffee, water, juice, soup)
Gefühle (love, happiness)
Gas (oxygen, air)
Lebensmittel (rice, flour, bread, salt, beef, cheese)
Wetter (sunshine, snow, rain, lightning)
abstrakte Begriffe (luck, fun, work, relaxation, art, music)
Massennomen (hair, furniture, equipment, cash, currency, money, news, luggage)
Zustände (sleep, stress, age, poverty, pollution, progress)

Betrachte die Unterschiede

Zählbare Nomen	Unzählbare Nomen
mit bestimmten oder unbestimmten Artikel a bag, a suitcase, a rucksack	some oder "a+Mengeangabe+of" some luggage
Mehrzahl mit "s" three bags	No Mehrzahl some luggage
How many ...? How many bags have you got?	How much ...? How much luggage have you got?
Many / a lot of I have many bags. I have a lot of bags.	A lot of I have a lot of luggage.
Not many I have not got many bags.	Not much I have not got much luggage.
few / a few I have got few bags. I have got a few bags.	little / a little I have got little luggage. I have got a little luggage.
is / are My bag is big. My bags are big.	is My luggage is big.

Häufige Fehler

We must learn vocabularies.
Richtig: We must learn vocabulary (singular!) – Wir müssen Vokabeln lernen.

I have a lot of homeworks.
Richtig: I have a lot of homework. – Ich habe eine Menge Hausaufgaben.

I bought two jeans. –
Richtig: I bought two pairs of jeans. – Ich habe zwei Jeans gekauft.

I need some informations.
Richtig: I need some information. – Ich brauche einige Informationen.

We had a terrible weather.
Richtig: We had terrible weather. – Wir hatten schreckliches Wetter.

The news are good.
Richtig: The news is good. Die Nachrichten sind gut.

Her hairs are brown.
Richtig: Her hair is brown. Ihre Haare sind braun.

Zählbar oder unzählbar

Manche Nomen können zählbar und unzählbar sein. Dann haben sind eine andere Bedeutung.

Zählbare Nomen	NOMEN	Unzählbare Nomen
There is a hair in my soup.	HAIR	She has curly hair.
I have three lights in my bedroom.	LIGHT	There is a lot of light in my bedroom.
There are three rooms in the house.	ROOM	There is a lot of room (Raum) in the basement.
We had a great time together.	TIME	I have no time.
He has read all Shakespeare works.	WORK	It was a lot of work to put on the books on shelves.
Have you read a paper? (newspaper)	PAPER	I need some paper to write.